what does the suffix "-ida" mean?
Academia real gives this definition
- suf. Forma sustantivos derivados de verbos de la segunda y tercera conjugación, que generalmente significan 'acción y efecto'.
What would subida mean? From Subir
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Hi June, welcome to Spanish.SE! Your question is a bit unclear. Well either that, or you pretty much answered yourself. I'd suggest you rewrite it so that we can better know what to answer.– RofloCommented Apr 17, 2015 at 14:20
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3 Answers
What the Academia Real says by
Forma sustantivos derivados de verbos de la segunda y tercera conjugación, que generalmente significan 'acción y efecto'.
is that you would use this suffix with verbs ending in -er and -ir (segunda y tercera conjugación) like "comer" and "subir" (but not "andar").
The meaning of the suffix conveys "this is a result or action of doing verb XXX", but this implication can go beyond "cause and effect".
Subir --> Subida (among other meanings "ascensión, lugar donde comienza una ascensión...")
Salir --> Salida (Among other meanings, "lugar por donde se sale")
Beber --> bebida ("algo que se puede beber")
Comer --> Comida ("algo que se puede comer")
Herir (hacer daño) --> Herida (Daño recibido)
Subida means "ascent"; loosely explained, given that subir means "to go up", subida would mean "what you do when yo go up" (acción) or "the result of you going up" (efecto).
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"Subida" as "the result of you going up" sounds a bit weird. I would translate "subida" as a noun as the surface consisting in some change of level. "La subida del Tourmalet tiene 5 km"– fedorquiCommented Apr 5, 2015 at 23:29
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Maybe it's not explained in proper linguistic terms, but that's actually what it is: Hice la subida a la colina = "I made the ascent to the hill", the subida (ascent) being what you completed upon subir (go up) the hill. What you wrote would be a synonim for "slope" or "height". Commented Apr 5, 2015 at 23:36
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There was a mistake in my previous sentence, I meant "la subida al Tourmalet". But it is still a valid sentence (seen everywhere!) I don't know if you mean it is incorrect. Hice la subida a la colina sounds a bit weird to me, honestly, we would directly say Subí la colina.– fedorquiCommented Apr 5, 2015 at 23:43
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Yes, of course your sentence is right, but subida is used there as meaning "height". Regarding Hice la subida a la colina, yes, you would rarely use that form, but it' not wrong; I used it just to give an example of subida meaning "effect of subir". Commented Apr 5, 2015 at 23:56
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Mmmm yes, I would say it is the "6. f. Lugar por donde se sube." in lema.rae.es/drae/?val=subida– fedorquiCommented Apr 5, 2015 at 23:58
The DRAE has an entry for subida. It is basically
Acción y efecto de subir
but can also mean other things, like the place where you start an ascension
Este es el camino de subida a la montaña.
For a color or smell, means to be very intense
Se enfadó tanto que se puso de un rojo subido.
It works as an intensifier with other adjetives:
Ese chico tiene el guapo muy subido (That guy has heard that he is handsome so many times that he is starting to act annoyingly)
Ese es un chiste subido de tono (That joke is not appropriate for some audiences)
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I think what is being asked is not actually the meaning of subida but how nouns are derived from actions or effects, using subida as an example. Commented Apr 6, 2015 at 17:34
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1I think there are kind of two questions in the post. I don't know if the OP is asking specifically about "subida" or if he or she provided that just as an example and misled a little bit the answers. I just posted a different answer to address the first part of the question, abut the suffixes, that I understood the OP answered him or herself by quoting the RAE. Maybe the OP didn't understand the RAE's explanation and is looking for clarification on that.– DiegoCommented Apr 6, 2015 at 18:23