I will translante, explain and give you some examples:
Yo quiero -> I want
Ex. Quiero levantarme tarde -> I want to wake up late.
You can translate this literally and there is no problem. This describes just and only just your desire to do something or get something.
Me gustaría -> I would like to
Ex. Me gustaría ser presidente -> I would like to be president
Ex. Me gustaría verte en la noche -> I would like to see you tonight
This express desire and at the same the incapability to do something and also this can express a request.
Me toca -> It's my turn
Ex. (Juando video juegos) me toca. (Playing video games) It's my turn.
This express enthusiasm in a person to do something and is only used if you're in a group.
Me late -> I have a good feeling
Ex. Me late este negocio -> I have a good feeling about this business.
This express a good feeling about something.
Yo deseo -> I wish
Ex. Deseo tacos -> I wish tacos.
This express desire but in a way of a command.
Se me antoja -> I in the mood
Ex. Se me antojan unos nachos -> I in the mood for nachos.
Most of the time this expression is used when you think what you want to eat. You can also use it to express desire to do something. This expression really depends on the context.
Tengo ganas de -> I want (to)
Ex. Tengo ganas de ir a bailar -> I want to go to dance.
This express the desire and the disposition to do something.