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When watching the Olympic games or similar, international competitions, there are some abbreviations shown in the race registers that state the following:

  • DNS: The participant did not start the race.
  • DNF: The participant did not finish the race.
  • DSQ: The participant was disqualified.

I was wondering, are there Spanish equivalents to these abbreviations when the competition is held in a national scope? If so, do these abbreviations depend on the country, or is there an international agreement between the Spanish-speaking countries? Or do they use the international, English abbreviations?

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Las abreviaturas que mencionas son las oficiales de la International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
La Real Federación Española de Atletismo (RFEA), como miembro de la IAAF a través de la European Athletic Association (EAA), hace uso de dicha terminología oficial en todas las competiciones que organiza.

En competiciones a nivel local para amateurs o simplemente festivas, puede que se utilicen otras abreviaturas, pero serían abreviaturas ad hoc para entenderse entre las 3 o 4 personas que organicen el evento y ya está.
Por ejemplo, en los resultados de la XXXIII Carrera Popular "Villa de Aranjuez", en vez de "DNF" ponen simplemente "RETIRADO".

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