The word "desde", according to the RAE dictionary, is used to indicate the staring point of a spacial or temporal distance. The word "hasta" is used to indicate the ending point. In this context, the words "de" and "a" are synonyms to "desde" and "hasta". However, we usually use the words in the pairs "desde...hasta..." and "de...a...".
The word "entre" means the same as the English word "between". In English, we can say "the distance from A to B", or "the distance between A and B". The same is true in Spanish. They both refer to the same distance. The only difference is that "desde A hasta B" or "de A hasta B" imply that A is the starting point and B is the ending point, whereas "entre A y B" does not.