When to add prepositions before an infinitive verb (por/para/a/de)?

Question

With the infinitive form of a verb in English, (e.g. to speak), the word 'to' seems to convey a specific meaning where, in Spanish, an additional preposition is used in some cases.

Examples:

I can use running shoes to run faster

The direct English translation is:

Puedo usar zapatillas correr más rápido

Seemingly, the more correct Spanish expression is:

Puedo usar zapatillas para correr más rápido

If we take the correct expression to include the preposition 'para' , which signals a reason or means 'in order to', in the English, the word 'to' here covers that meaning as well as forms the infinitive.

I was wondering if there are some common rules for when to place prepositions before infinitive verbs, and which to use. (Such as ir+a+infinitive).

Answer 1

I start to get a grasp on what you were trying to ask. In Spanish the preposition that goes before any given verb will always depend on the verb, the intention, etc. It does not depend on the fact that it is an infinitive by itself. I will show you how an infinitive can be preceded by at least half the prepositions in Spanish:

• a: Vamos a caminar.
• antes de: Desayuno antes de salir.
• bajo: [n/a]
• cerca de: El perro estuvo cerca de morir.
• con: Con desayunar me alcanza.
• contra: [n/a]
• de: Vengo de jugar al futbol.
• delante de: [n/a]
• dentro de: [n/a]
• desde: Odio todos los habitos alimenticios, desde desayunar hasta merendar.
• despues de: Nos vemos despues de comer.
• detras de: [n/a]
• durante: [n/a]
• encima de: Encima de ser malo, es feo.
• enfrente de: [n/a]
• entre: El testigo se debate entre atestiguar o no.
• fuera de: Fuera de efectuar actividad fisica, puede realizar cualquier otra tarea.
• hacia: [n/a]
• hasta: Hasta terminar no paro.
• para: Para hacer dinero hace falta trabajar duro.
• por: Por correr, se lastimo la pierna.
• segun: [n/a]
• sin: Sin nadar será imposible llegar.
• sobre: [n/a]
• tras: Tras llegar, dormiremos.

What I'm trying to say is that the fact that there is an infinitive does not imply any correspondence with any specific preposition. The preposition will be given by the verb and what you are actually trying to say.

NOTE: The preposition list was taken from one of the articles in the OP question comment, from the about.com website. I knew a list of prepositions by hard, which included some more, but they are rarely used.