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English has several words for burial places, many of which have specific, distinct meanings:
As far as I know, Spanish has at least two words for "grave":
What types of burial places can each word refer to? Are both generic enough to cover any burial of a body or ashes in a plot in the ground, an underground crypt, an above-ground structure, etc.? Or are they more specific?
Some of the words you mentioned have cognates in Spanish:
You already mentioned sepultura as a translation of grave: place where a cadaver is buried.
Vault could be translated as bóveda: a place where a cadaver is buried or a hole made on the ground to bury a cadaver.
There is also panteón which is a cognate of pantheon. However, from my understanding this word has a more general meaning in Mexico and perhaps in Central America. In Colombia it is understood as a funeral monument to bury several bodies.
I would say that "tumba" is a bit more general, a "tumba" is a place where a cadaver lies (a tomb in english). "Sepultura" implies a bit more the idea than the cadaver was put there with any sort of ceremony, or at least someone explicitly put the body there. There is the verb "sepultar" that I would translate as the action of covering something with soil or another substance. I think the right translation of "sepultura" in english is "sepulcher".
