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Other than juicio, which has the additional meaning of a legal trial, these words all have to do with wisdom, judgement, and/or sense, as I understand it.

In what ways are they different?

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Cordura, sensatez and juicio can be (and are) used as synonyms according to RAE, but in everyday speaking (this is my view on the matter):

Cordura: Sanity (opposed to madness)

Sensatez: sense (opposed to imprudent)

Juicio: Kind of old-fashioned, but used in sentences like "Has perdido el juicio?" (Have you lost your mind?)

Sabiduría means Wisdom and can be used as a synonym of the other words but usually is understood as a person with lot of knowledge, academic or any other kind.

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Very nice answer! Nothing to add! :-) – Joze♦ Jan 24 '12 at 9:22
Sensatez = Sensibility – MikMik Jan 24 '12 at 10:12
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@MikMik sensibility = sensibilidad But I corrected anyway because I wrote the adverb and not the noun, so thanks! :D – Laura Jan 24 '12 at 10:53
Hmm, when I learnt that English sensible is not Spanish sensible but sensato, I thought that sensibility was its corresponding noun for "capacity for being sensible", and that idea's been there for years. You learn something new every day. Thanks – MikMik Jan 24 '12 at 11:26

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